1930 U.S. Census

The United States Federal Census This article is part of a series.

Overview of the U.S. Census

Finding and Reading U.S. Census Records

1790 U.S. Census

1800 U.S. Census

1810 U.S. Census

1820 U.S. Census

1830 U.S. Census

1840 U.S. Census

1850 U.S. Census

1860 U.S. Census

1870 U.S. Census

1880 U.S. Census

1890 U.S. Census

1900 U.S. Census

1910 U.S. Census

1920 U.S. Census

1930 U.S. Census

1940 U.S. Census

Census Indexes and Finding Aids

Using the Soundex with Census Records

Non-Population Schedules and Special Censuses

State and Local Censuses

Census Substitutes

African American Census Schedules

Reconstructed 1790 Census Schedules

Censuses of Native Americans

List of Useful Census References

Topics

This article originally appeared in "Census Records" by Loretto Dennis Szucs and Matthew Wright in The Source: A Guidebook to American Genealogy

The 1930 census was taken on April 1, 1930. The official census population count was 123,202,624.

Questions Asked in the 1930 Census

1930 census schedule from Hoboken, Hudson County, New Jersey, that lists fourteen-year-old Frank Sinatra.

The 1930 Census form called for the street, avenue, road, and house number; the number of dwelling house and family in order of visitation; the name of each person whose place of abode on April 1, 1930 was with this family; the relationship of this person to the head of the family; whether the home was owned or rented; the value of home, if owned, or monthly rental, if rented; whether the person owned a radio set; whether the family lived on a farm; each person's sex; color or race; age at last birthday; marital condition; and age at first marriage; whether he or she attended school or college any time since Sept. 1, 1929; whether he or she was able to read or write; his or her place of birth, and the place of birth for his or her father and mother; the language spoken at home before coming to the United States; the year of both his or her immigration into the United States and naturalization, if applicable; whether the person was able to speak English; his or her trade, profession, or particular kind of work done, and the industry of business with which he or she was involved, and his or her, class of worker; and whether the person was actually at work the day before the enumerator came. If not, the census includes this person's line number on unemployment schedule, and also asks whether the person was a veteran of the U.S. military or naval force, and if yes, during, what war or expedition. It also includes, if applicable, the number of the corresponding farm schedule (Note: The farm schedules have not survived).

Other Significant Facts about the 1930 Census

A WPA Soundex exists for the 1930 census for the following states only: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. The following counties were Soundexed for Kentucky: Bell, Floyd, Harlan, Kenton, Mehlenberg, Perry, and Pike. The following West Virginia counties were indexed: Fayette, Harrison, Kanawha, Logan, McDowell, Mercer, and Raleigh.

All of the Soundex indexes are in the traditional format, with the exception of Georgia, which is in Miracode. All of the Soundexed states, except for Georgia, list the institutions at the end of the publication. There appear to be no mixed codes for the 1930 census.

Research Tips for the 1930 Census

Since nearly everyone has some knowledge or access to knowledge of family names, relationships, and the family's state of residence in 1930, this census is the widely considered to be the best starting point for research in federal records. Working from known information about the most recent generations, an efficient researcher works backwards in time to discover family relationships and to determine where additional records may be found.

To effectively search the 1930 census, know as much about where the person lived as is possible.

The following finding aids will be available at the National Archives in Washington, D.C. and at NARA's regional records services facilities.

• Enumeration District Maps for the Fifteenth Census of the United States, 1930. (National Archives Microfilm Publication M1930), 35 rolls.
• Index to Selected City Streets and Enumeration Districts, 1930. (National Archives Microfilm Publication M1931), 11 rolls.
• Descriptions of Census Enumeration Districts, 1830'1950. (National Archives Microfilm Publication T1224), rolls 61'90.

For additional information on the 1930 census, see the 1930 census website.

Note: To complement its collection of 1930 resources, the National Archives has also purchased copies of city directories for 1928'1932. For a complete list of which directories NARA has, see the 1930 website. These are not National Archives publications, but can be purchase from Primary Source Microfilm (an imprint of the Gale Group).

Comparison of Census Information, 1790-1940

Personal Info on Census

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1930

1940

Name of family head only

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Headcount by age, gender, ...

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x

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x

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Standard census form

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x

x

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x

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x

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x

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x

Names of all individuals

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Age

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x

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x

x

Sex

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x

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Color

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x

Profession or occupation

x

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x

x

x

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Place of birth

x

x

x

x

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x

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x

Attended school that year

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Highest grade completed

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Married that year

x

x

x

x

x

Read or write

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Deaf, blind, insane, idiotic, ...

x

x

x

x

x

Real estate value

x

x

x

x

Personal estate value

x

x

Separate slave schedule

x

x

Father of foreign birth

x

Mother of foreign birth

x

Month of birth

x

Month of birth that year

x

x

Male citizen over 21 years

x

Male over 21 denied vote

x

Visitation number of dwelling

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Visitation number of family

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x

x

x

x

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Street name in city

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House number in city

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Relationship to family head

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x

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Marital status

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x

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Month of marriage that year

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No. of months unemployed

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x

Father's birthplace

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x

x

x

x

sup

Mother's birthplace

x

x

x

x

x

sup

Sickness on census day

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Year of birth

x

No. of years present marriage

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x

Mother how many children

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x

sup

Number of children living

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x

Year of immigration to US

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x

x

x

No. of years in US

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Naturalization status

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x

x

x

Months attended school

x

References

Coming soon...

External Links

• Search the interactive 1930 US Census
• Search the 1930 U.S. Census on Ancestry.com
• Download a blank 1930 census form
• 1930 U.S. Census at the Census Bureau